Classical Authors

• Achilles — Hero of the Iliad
• Aelian (c. 175–c. 235) — Roman author
• Aeneas — Trojan hero of Virgil's Aeneid
• Aeschines (c. 389–c. 314 BC) — Athenian orator, rival of Demosthenes
• Aesculapius (mythological) — Legendary healer, Greek god of medicine
• Agamemnon (mythological/legendary) — King of Mycenae, leader of the Greeks at Troy
• Alcaeus (c. 620–c. 580 BC) — Greek lyric poet
• Anaxagoras (c. 500–c. 428 BC) — Greek philosopher
• Apollo (mythological) — Greek and Roman god of prophecy, music, and the sun
• Apollonius of Tyana (c. 15–c. 100) — Neo-Pythagorean philosopher and traveler
• Arcesilaus (c. 316–c. 241 BC) — Greek philosopher, head of the New Academy
• Archytas of Tarentum (c. 428–c. 347 BC) — Pythagorean philosopher, mathematician, statesman of Tarentum
• Aristobulus — Greek name cited for etymology
• Aristotle (384–322 BC) — Greek philosopher
• Atlas (mythological) — Titan, astrologer
• Boethius (c. 477–524) — Roman philosopher, statesman, author of the Consolation of Philosophy
• Cadmus (mythological/legendary) — Legendary founder of Thebes; brought the alphabet from Phoenicia to Greece
• Callimachus (c. 310–240 BC) — Greek poet and scholar
• Cato the Elder (234–149 BC) — Roman statesman, orator
• Catullus (c. 84–c. 54 BC) — Roman lyric poet
• Cecrops (mythological/legendary) — Legendary first king of Athens
• Chrysippus (c. 279–c. 206 BC) — Stoic philosopher
• Cicero (106–43 BC) — Roman orator, statesman, philosopher
• Cyrus Theodorus (fl. 4th century) — Poet who mocked Prefect Modestus
• Democritus (c. 460–c. 370 BC) — Greek philosopher, atomist
• Demosthenes (the cook) (fl. 370s) — Prefect of Valens's imperial kitchen
• Demosthenes (the orator) (384–322 BC) — Athenian statesman and orator
• Deucalion (mythological) — Greek flood hero
• Diogenes (c. 412–323 BC) — Greek philosopher
• Dioscorides (c. 40–90 AD) — Greek physician, pharmacologist
• Empedocles (c. 494–c. 434 BC) — Greek philosopher
• Epictetus (c. 50–c. 135) — Stoic philosopher
• Epimetheus (mythological) — Titan of Greek mythology
• Euripides (c. 480–406 BC) — Greek tragedian
• Galen (c. 129–c. 216) — Greek physician
• Hercules (mythological) — Legendary hero of Greek and Roman mythology
• Hermagoras (2nd century BC) — Greek rhetorician
• Hesiod (c. 750–c. 650 BC) — Greek poet
• Hiarchas — Indian Brahman sage, teacher of Apollonius
• Hippocrates (c. 460–370 BC) — Greek physician
• Homer (c. 8th century BC) — Ancient Greek epic poet
• Horace (65–8 BC) — Roman lyric poet
• Horapollo (5th century (?)) — Author of Hieroglyphica
• Iamblichus (c. 245–c. 325) — Neoplatonic philosopher
• Lactantius (c. 250–c. 325) — Christian author, apologist
• Laonicus — Greek name cited for etymology
• Leonicus — Greek name cited for etymology
• Libanius (c. 314–c. 393) — Greek rhetorician and teacher at Antioch
• Linus (mythological) — Legendary poet and musician
• Lucretia (legendary (c. 508 BC)) — Roman noblewoman, exemplar of chastity
• Marius Victor (5th century) — Christian poet
• Mercury Trismegistus (legendary (traditionally near-contemporary with Moses)) — Egyptian theologian-sage of Hermetic tradition
• Miltiades (c. 550–489 BC) — Athenian general, victor at Marathon
• Musaeus (mythological) — Legendary poet
• Numenius (fl. 2nd century AD) — Neopythagorean philosopher
• Orpheus (mythological) — Legendary poet and musician
• Ovid (43 BC–17/18 AD) — Roman poet
• Perseus (mythological) — Greek hero
• Philostratus (c. 170–c. 247) — Greek sophist, biographer of Apollonius of Tyana
• Pimander (legendary/Hermetic) — Figure in Hermetic texts
• Pindar (c. 518–c. 438 BC) — Greek lyric poet
• Plato (c. 428–c. 348 BC) — Greek philosopher
• Plutarch (c. 46–c. 120) — Greek historian, biographer, philosopher
• Prometheus (mythological) — Titan of Greek mythology
• Pythagoras (c. 570–c. 495 BC) — Greek philosopher, mathematician
• Secundus (2nd century AD) — Pythagorean philosopher
• Seneca (c. 4 BC–65 AD) — Roman philosopher, Stoic
• Serenus (2nd–3rd century) — Roman poet
• Simonides (c. 556–c. 468 BC) — Greek lyric poet
• Socrates (c. 470–399 BC) — Greek philosopher
• Solon (c. 630–c. 560 BC) — Athenian lawgiver, one of the Seven Sages
• Stratonicus — Greek name cited for etymology
• Tacitus (c. 56–c. 120) — Roman historian
• Thales (c. 624–c. 546 BC) — Greek philosopher, one of the Seven Sages
• Themistocles (c. 524–459 BC) — Athenian statesman and general, victor at Salamis
• Theodore — Greek name cited for etymology
• Titus Livius (Livy) (59 BC–17 AD) — Roman historian
• Virgil (70–19 BC) — Roman poet, author of the Aeneid, Eclogues, and Georgics