Person

• Author
  • Lamartine (1790–1869) — French poet, writer, politician
  • Petrarch (1304–1374) — Italian poet, scholar, father of Renaissance humanism
  • Proba Falconia (c. 322–c. 370) — Roman Christian poet, composed biblical centos from Virgil
  • Racine (1639–1699) — French dramatist
  • Shakespeare (1564–1616) — English dramatist and poet
  • Voltaire (1694–1778) — French Enlightenment writer and philosopher
• Biblical Figures
  • Aaron (biblical figure) — High Priest, brother of Moses
  • Abijah — King of Judah
  • Abraham (c. 2000 BC (traditional)) — Patriarch, father of the faith
  • Adah — Wife of Esau; daughter of Elon the Hittite
  • Adam — First man; figure of the creation narrative
  • Ahaz — King of Judah
  • Ahaziah — King of Judah
  • Amaziah — King of Judah
  • Amon — King of Judah
  • Amos (8th century BC) — Minor prophet, shepherd
  • Amram (biblical figure) — Father of Moses
  • Ana — Figure from Genesis 36:24
  • Arphaxad — Patriarch; son of Shem
  • Asa — King of Judah
  • Athaliah — Queen/usurper of Judah
  • Balaam — Non-Israelite prophet
  • Barnabas (d. c. 61) — Apostle, companion of Paul
  • Baruch (biblical figure) — Scribe and disciple of Jeremiah
  • Caath (biblical figure) — Son of Levi, grandfather of Moses
  • Caiaphas — High priest who prophesied about Christ's death
  • Cain — First son of Adam; fratricide
  • Cainan — Patriarch in the genealogy from Adam to Noah
  • Daniel (biblical figure) — Prophet
  • David (c. 1040–970 BC (traditional)) — King of Israel, Psalmist
  • Eber — Patriarch; ancestor of the Hebrews
  • Eleazar (High Priest) — High priest who explained Moses' symbolic precepts to Aristeas
  • Eli — High Priest, judge of Israel
  • Elijah (9th century BC (traditional)) — Prophet of Israel
  • Elisha — Prophet, successor of Elijah
  • Enoch (biblical figure) — Patriarch translated to heaven
  • Enos — Son of Seth; patriarch
  • Esau — Son of Isaac, twin of Jacob; ancestor of the Edomites
  • Esther — Queen of Persia, deliverer of the Jewish people
  • Ethiopian Eunuch (1st century) — Official of the Ethiopian queen, converted by Philip
  • Eve — First woman
  • Ezekiel (c. 622–c. 570 BC) — Major prophet
  • Ezra (5th century BC) — Scribe, priest, doctor of the Law
  • Gabriel (angelic being) — Archangel
  • Gamaliel (d. c. 50) — Pharisee, teacher of the Law, Paul's instructor
  • Gideon (biblical figure) — Judge of Israel
  • Goliath (biblical figure) — Philistine giant
  • Habakkuk — Minor prophet
  • Haggai (6th century BC) — Minor prophet
  • Ham — Son of Noah
  • Haman — Antagonist in the Book of Esther
  • Haran — Brother of Abraham; son of Terah
  • Hezekiah — King of Judah
  • Hosea (8th century BC) — Minor prophet
  • Hosea (King of Israel) (8th century BC) — Last king of the northern kingdom of Israel
  • Isaac (biblical patriarch) — Patriarch, son of Abraham
  • Isaiah (8th century BC) — Major prophet
  • Ishmael — Son of Abraham and Hagar
  • Jacob (biblical patriarch) — Patriarch, son of Isaac, father of the twelve tribes
  • James the Apostle (1st century) — Apostle
  • Japheth — Son of Noah
  • Jared — Patriarch
  • Jeconiah (6th century BC) — King of Judah, deported to Babylon
  • Jehoahaz — King of Judah
  • Jehoiakim — King of Judah; son of Josiah
  • Jehoshaphat — King of Judah
  • Jephthah (biblical figure) — Judge of Israel
  • Jeremiah (c. 650–c. 570 BC) — Major prophet
  • Jeroboam — First king of the northern kingdom of Israel
  • Jezebel — Queen of Israel; wife of Ahab
  • Joakim — King of Judah; father of Jeconiah
  • Joash — King of Judah
  • Job (biblical figure) — Righteous sufferer, protagonist of the Book of Job
  • Joel — Minor prophet
  • John the Apostle (1st century) — Apostle, Evangelist, author of the Apocalypse
  • Jonah — Minor prophet
  • Joram — King of Judah
  • Joseph (Patriarch) (biblical figure) — Son of Jacob, steward of Egypt
  • Joshua (c. 1355–1245 BC (traditional)) — Successor of Moses, leader of the Israelite conquest of Canaan
  • Josiah — King of Judah
  • Jotham — King of Judah
  • Judas Iscariot (d. c. 30) — Apostle who betrayed Christ
  • Jude the Apostle (1st century) — Apostle
  • Korah, Dathan, and Abiram (biblical figures) — Rebels against Moses
  • Lamech — Patriarch; father of Noah
  • Lazarus — Friend of Christ, raised from the dead
  • Levi (biblical patriarch) — Son of Jacob, ancestor of the priestly tribe
  • Lot — Nephew of Abraham; escaped from Sodom
  • Lucifer — Fallen angel
  • Luke (1st century) — Evangelist, author of Acts of the Apostles
  • Malachi (5th century BC) — Last of the twelve minor prophets
  • Malaleel — Patriarch
  • Manasseh (biblical figure) — King of Judah
  • Mark (1st century) — Evangelist
  • Martha (1st century) — Disciple of Christ, sister of Mary and Lazarus
  • Mary Magdalene (1st century) — Disciple of Christ
  • Matthew (1st century) — Apostle, Evangelist
  • Melchizedek (biblical figure) — King of Salem and priest of God Most High
  • Methuselah — Patriarch; longest-lived man
  • Micah — Minor prophet
  • Michael the Archangel (angelic being) — Archangel
  • Miriam (biblical figure) — Sister of Moses
  • Moses (c. 1393–c. 1273 BC (traditional)) — Prophet, lawgiver, leader of the Israelites; author of the Pentateuch
  • Nahor — Patriarch; grandfather of Abraham
  • Nahum — Minor prophet
  • Nehemiah (5th century BC) — Governor of Judah, rebuilder of the walls of Jerusalem
  • Noah — Patriarch who survived the flood
  • Obadiah — Minor prophet
  • Oholibamah — Wife of Esau; daughter of Anah
  • Paul the Apostle (c. 5–c. 64/67 AD) — Apostle to the Gentiles
  • Peleg — Patriarch
  • Peter the Apostle (1st century) — Apostle, first Pope
  • Pharaoh (biblical figure) — King of Egypt who oppressed the Israelites
  • Philemon (1st century) — Early Christian, recipient of Paul's Epistle to Philemon
  • Philip the Apostle (1st century) — One of the Twelve Apostles
  • Philip the Deacon (1st century) — One of the Seven Deacons, evangelist
  • Phinehas (biblical figure) — Priest, grandson of Aaron
  • Rebecca — Wife of Isaac; mother of Jacob and Esau
  • Rehoboam — King of Judah; son of Solomon
  • Reu — Patriarch
  • Ruth — Moabite ancestress of David and Christ
  • Samson (biblical figure) — Judge of Israel, strongman
  • Samuel — Prophet, judge of Israel
  • Saul — First King of Israel
  • Serug — Patriarch
  • Seth — Third son of Adam; ancestor through whom all men are descended
  • Shelah — Patriarch
  • Shem — Son of Noah; ancestor in the patriarchal genealogy
  • Simeon — Devout man in Jerusalem who received the infant Jesus in the temple
  • Simon Magus (1st century) — Heretic, magician
  • Solomon (c. 970–931 BC (traditional)) — King of Israel, author of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Songs
  • Sons of Zebedee (James and John) — Apostles
  • Susanna (biblical figure) — Heroine of the Book of Daniel, champion of chastity
  • Terah — Father of Abraham
  • The Maccabees (2nd century BC) — Jewish liberators and leaders of the revolt against Seleucid rule
  • Thomas the Apostle (d. c. 72) — Apostle
  • Timothy (d. c. 97) — Bishop of Ephesus, disciple and companion of Paul
  • Titus (d. c. 96–107) — Bishop of Crete, companion of Paul
  • Tobias — Figure from the Book of Tobit
  • Tubalcain — Biblical figure; inventor of instruments
  • Uzziah — King of Judah
  • Zadok — Priest under David and Solomon
  • Zechariah (6th century BC) — Minor prophet
  • Zedekiah — Last king of Judah before the Babylonian conquest
  • Zephaniah — Minor prophet
  • Zerubbabel (6th century BC) — Governor of Judah, leader of the return from Babylonian exile
• Classical Authors
  • Achilles — Hero of the Iliad
  • Aelian (c. 175–c. 235) — Roman author
  • Aeneas — Trojan hero of Virgil's Aeneid
  • Aeschines (c. 389–c. 314 BC) — Athenian orator, rival of Demosthenes
  • Aesculapius (mythological) — Legendary healer, Greek god of medicine
  • Agamemnon (mythological/legendary) — King of Mycenae, leader of the Greeks at Troy
  • Alcaeus (c. 620–c. 580 BC) — Greek lyric poet
  • Anaxagoras (c. 500–c. 428 BC) — Greek philosopher
  • Apollo (mythological) — Greek and Roman god of prophecy, music, and the sun
  • Apollonius of Tyana (c. 15–c. 100) — Neo-Pythagorean philosopher and traveler
  • Arcesilaus (c. 316–c. 241 BC) — Greek philosopher, head of the New Academy
  • Archytas of Tarentum (c. 428–c. 347 BC) — Pythagorean philosopher, mathematician, statesman of Tarentum
  • Aristobulus — Greek name cited for etymology
  • Aristotle (384–322 BC) — Greek philosopher
  • Atlas (mythological) — Titan, astrologer
  • Boethius (c. 477–524) — Roman philosopher, statesman, author of the Consolation of Philosophy
  • Cadmus (mythological/legendary) — Legendary founder of Thebes; brought the alphabet from Phoenicia to Greece
  • Callimachus (c. 310–240 BC) — Greek poet and scholar
  • Cato the Elder (234–149 BC) — Roman statesman, orator
  • Catullus (c. 84–c. 54 BC) — Roman lyric poet
  • Cecrops (mythological/legendary) — Legendary first king of Athens
  • Chrysippus (c. 279–c. 206 BC) — Stoic philosopher
  • Cicero (106–43 BC) — Roman orator, statesman, philosopher
  • Cyrus Theodorus (fl. 4th century) — Poet who mocked Prefect Modestus
  • Democritus (c. 460–c. 370 BC) — Greek philosopher, atomist
  • Demosthenes (the cook) (fl. 370s) — Prefect of Valens's imperial kitchen
  • Demosthenes (the orator) (384–322 BC) — Athenian statesman and orator
  • Deucalion (mythological) — Greek flood hero
  • Diogenes (c. 412–323 BC) — Greek philosopher
  • Dioscorides (c. 40–90 AD) — Greek physician, pharmacologist
  • Empedocles (c. 494–c. 434 BC) — Greek philosopher
  • Epictetus (c. 50–c. 135) — Stoic philosopher
  • Epimetheus (mythological) — Titan of Greek mythology
  • Euripides (c. 480–406 BC) — Greek tragedian
  • Galen (c. 129–c. 216) — Greek physician
  • Hercules (mythological) — Legendary hero of Greek and Roman mythology
  • Hermagoras (2nd century BC) — Greek rhetorician
  • Hesiod (c. 750–c. 650 BC) — Greek poet
  • Hiarchas — Indian Brahman sage, teacher of Apollonius
  • Hippocrates (c. 460–370 BC) — Greek physician
  • Homer (c. 8th century BC) — Ancient Greek epic poet
  • Horace (65–8 BC) — Roman lyric poet
  • Horapollo (5th century (?)) — Author of Hieroglyphica
  • Iamblichus (c. 245–c. 325) — Neoplatonic philosopher
  • Lactantius (c. 250–c. 325) — Christian author, apologist
  • Laonicus — Greek name cited for etymology
  • Leonicus — Greek name cited for etymology
  • Libanius (c. 314–c. 393) — Greek rhetorician and teacher at Antioch
  • Linus (mythological) — Legendary poet and musician
  • Lucretia (legendary (c. 508 BC)) — Roman noblewoman, exemplar of chastity
  • Marius Victor (5th century) — Christian poet
  • Mercury Trismegistus (legendary (traditionally near-contemporary with Moses)) — Egyptian theologian-sage of Hermetic tradition
  • Miltiades (c. 550–489 BC) — Athenian general, victor at Marathon
  • Musaeus (mythological) — Legendary poet
  • Numenius (fl. 2nd century AD) — Neopythagorean philosopher
  • Orpheus (mythological) — Legendary poet and musician
  • Ovid (43 BC–17/18 AD) — Roman poet
  • Perseus (mythological) — Greek hero
  • Philostratus (c. 170–c. 247) — Greek sophist, biographer of Apollonius of Tyana
  • Pimander (legendary/Hermetic) — Figure in Hermetic texts
  • Pindar (c. 518–c. 438 BC) — Greek lyric poet
  • Plato (c. 428–c. 348 BC) — Greek philosopher
  • Plutarch (c. 46–c. 120) — Greek historian, biographer, philosopher
  • Prometheus (mythological) — Titan of Greek mythology
  • Pythagoras (c. 570–c. 495 BC) — Greek philosopher, mathematician
  • Secundus (2nd century AD) — Pythagorean philosopher
  • Seneca (c. 4 BC–65 AD) — Roman philosopher, Stoic
  • Serenus (2nd–3rd century) — Roman poet
  • Simonides (c. 556–c. 468 BC) — Greek lyric poet
  • Socrates (c. 470–399 BC) — Greek philosopher
  • Solon (c. 630–c. 560 BC) — Athenian lawgiver, one of the Seven Sages
  • Stratonicus — Greek name cited for etymology
  • Tacitus (c. 56–c. 120) — Roman historian
  • Thales (c. 624–c. 546 BC) — Greek philosopher, one of the Seven Sages
  • Themistocles (c. 524–459 BC) — Athenian statesman and general, victor at Salamis
  • Theodore — Greek name cited for etymology
  • Titus Livius (Livy) (59 BC–17 AD) — Roman historian
  • Virgil (70–19 BC) — Roman poet, author of the Aeneid, Eclogues, and Georgics
• Clergy
  • Antonianus (fl. 3rd century) — Bishop, recipient of Cyprian's letter about Pope Cornelius
  • Brother Ambrosius — Friend and letter-carrier between Jerome and Paulinus
  • Charles Scribani (1561–1629) — Provincial Superior of the Society of Jesus in Flandro-Belgica
  • Cornelius a Lapide (1567–1637) — Jesuit biblical commentator, professor of Holy Scripture at Louvain and Rome; author of the Commentaria in Scripturam Sacram
  • Egbert Spitholdius (fl. early 17th century) — Licenciate in Sacred Theology, Canon and Parish Priest of Antwerp, Censor of Books
  • Eusebius (Jerome's companion) — Companion of Jerome; friend of Paulinus
  • Eusebius of Caesarea (Bishop) (d. before Basil became bishop (fl. 360s)) — Bishop of Caesarea (the bishop Basil supported, not the Church historian)
  • Fr. H. D. Lacordaire, O.P. (1802–1861) — French Dominican preacher, restorer of the Dominican Order in France; author of the du-culte section
  • Henry Francis Van der Burch (1567–1644) — Archbishop of Cambrai, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire; dedicatee of Lapide's Pentateuch commentary
  • Hermogenes (fl. 4th century) — Bishop of Caesarea (predecessor of Eusebius as local bishop)
  • Hincmar of Reims (c. 806–882) — Archbishop of Reims
  • Jacobus Antonius (fl. 1852) — Bishop of Amiens
  • Jerome de Oleastro (1507–1563) — Dominican biblical commentator
  • M. Vestrius Barbianus (fl. late 16th century) — Papal secretary who signed Clement VIII's bull on the Vulgate
  • Mutius Vitelleschi (1563–1645) — Superior General of the Society of Jesus (1615–1645)
  • Paulinus of Milan (d. c. 422) — Deacon of Milan, biographer of St. Ambrose
  • Philastrius (d. c. 397) — Bishop of Brescia
  • Primasius (fl. 6th century) — Bishop of Hadrumetum
  • Stanislaus Hosius (1504–1579) — Cardinal, president of Council of Trent, opponent of Luther
• Heresiarch
  • Arius (c. 256–336) — Originator of Arianism
  • Audaeus (4th century) — Originator of the Anthropomorphite heresy
  • Epicurus (341–270 BC) — Greek philosopher (atomism)
  • Faustus the Manichaean (fl. late 4th century) — Manichaean bishop, opponent of Augustine
  • Hermogenes (2nd century) — Gnostic heretic who held matter was eternal
  • John Calvin (1509–1564) — Protestant reformer, founder of Calvinism
  • Mani (c. 216–c. 274) — Founder of Manichaeism
  • Marcion (c. 85–c. 160) — Heresiarch, founder of Marcionism
  • Martin Luther (1483–1546) — Protestant reformer, founder of Lutheranism
  • Matthias Flacius Illyricus (1520–1575) — Lutheran theologian
  • Photinus (d. 376) — Bishop of Sirmium; heresiarch who denied the pre-existence of Christ
• Other
  • Al-Farghani (c. 805–870) — Arab astronomer
  • Andreas Dudecius (fl. 16th century) — Bishop of Tinnin, legate of Hungarian clergy at Council of Trent; later apostate
  • Aquila of Pontus (fl. 2nd century) — Bible translator (Hebrew to Greek); proselyte, former Christian turned Jew
  • Archduke Albert of Austria (1559–1621) — Archduke of Austria, co-sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands (with Archduchess Isabella)
  • Ascanius (Martinengus) (fl. 16th century) — Author on Genesis
  • Basil the Elder (d. c. 349) — Father of Basil the Great, rhetorician
  • Busiris (mythological) — Mythological Egyptian king who slaughtered guests
  • Censorinus (3rd century AD) — Roman grammarian
  • Claudius Ptolemy (c. 100–170 AD) — Greco-Egyptian astronomer and geographer
  • Cumanus (fl. 1st century) — Roman governor of Judea
  • Dacian — Roman governor, persecutor of Christians
  • Demetrius (Alexandrian librarian) (fl. 3rd century BC) — Prefect of the Alexandrian library
  • Dioscorus (fl. early 5th century) — Correspondent of Augustine
  • Eleazar (High Priest) (3rd century BC) — High Priest of the Jews during the Septuagint translation
  • Emmanuel — Addressee of Lacordaire's letter
  • Emmelia (d. c. 375) — Mother of Basil the Great
  • Eurystheus (mythological) — Mythological king who set the labors of Hercules
  • Evodius (d. c. 424) — Bishop of Uzalis; correspondent of Augustine
  • Francesco Giorgi (1466–1540) — Venetian Franciscan, Kabbalist
  • Fundanus (fl. 4th century) — Formerly Bishop of Alutina
  • Germanus of Capua (d. c. 540) — Bishop of Capua
  • Helladius (fl. 4th century) — Source cited by John Damascene for the account of Basil's vision regarding Julian
  • Jan Moretus (1543–1610 (or his son Jan II Moretus, 1576–1618)) — Printer of Antwerp, of the Plantin-Moretus dynasty
  • Jonathan — Aramaic translator/paraphrast
  • Laurentius Surius (1522–1578) — Carthusian monk, hagiographer
  • Lucius Munatius Plancus (c. 87–15 BC) — Roman consul and politician
  • Macrobius (c. 370–c. 430) — Roman scholar
  • Martin Nutius (fl. 16th century) — Antwerp printer (his heirs received printing permission)
  • Modestus (fl. 370s) — Prefect of the Praetorium under Emperor Valens
  • Mohammed (c. 570–632) — Founder of Islam
  • Onkelos (c. 1st–2nd century AD) — Author of the Aramaic Targum on the Pentateuch
  • Paulus — Roman, named for etymology
  • Peter the Deacon (fl. 6th century) — Deacon, eyewitness to Gregory the Great's writing
  • Pietro Andrea Mattioli (1501–1577) — Italian physician, naturalist
  • Reginald of Piperno (d. c. 1290) — Dominican friar, socius of Thomas Aquinas
  • Severus (correspondent of Paulinus) (fl. 5th century) — Correspondent of Paulinus of Nola
  • Sisinnius — Christian martyr
  • St. Monica (c. 332–387) — Mother of Augustine
  • Strato of Lampsacus (c. 335–c. 269 BC) — Greek philosopher (Peripatetic)
  • Symmachus (translator) (fl. late 2nd century) — Bible translator; Ebionite then Jew
  • Theodectes (c. 375–c. 334 BC) — Greek tragic poet
  • Theodore (holy monk) (fl. 4th–5th century) — Holy monk, unlettered but skilled in divine Scripture
  • Theodore (physician) (fl. 6th century) — Physician rebuked by Gregory the Great for neglecting Scripture
  • Theodotion (fl. 2nd century) — Bible translator; proselyte Jew, formerly a Marcionite
  • Theophilus of Antioch (d. c. 183–185) — Bishop of Antioch, Christian apologist
  • Theopompus (c. 380–c. 315 BC) — Greek historian
  • Volusian (fl. early 5th century) — Roman senator, correspondent of Augustine
• Popes
  • Pope Agapetus I (d. 536) — Pope (535–536)
  • Pope Clement VIII (1536–1605) — Pope (1592–1605)
  • Pope Cornelius (d. 253) — Pope (251–253), martyr
  • Pope Damasus I (c. 305–384) — Pope (366–384)
  • Pope Gregory I (the Great) (c. 540–604) — Pope (590–604), Doctor of the Church
  • Pope Gregory XIV (1535–1591) — Pope (1590–1591)
  • Pope Innocent III (c. 1160–1216) — Pope (1198–1216)
  • Pope Innocent IX (1519–1591) — Pope (29 October – 30 December 1591)
  • Pope Pius IV (1499–1565) — Pope (1559–1565)
  • Pope Pius V (1504–1572) — Pope (1566–1572)
  • Pope Sixtus V (1521–1590) — Pope (1585–1590)
  • Pope Urban VII (1521–1590) — Pope (15–27 September 1590); twelve-day pontificate
  • Pope Victor I (d. 199) — Pope (189–199)
• Rabbi
  • Abraham ibn Ezra (c. 1089–1167) — Jewish biblical commentator
• Rulers
  • Alexander the Great (356–323 BC) — King of Macedon, conqueror
  • Alfonso V of Aragon (1396–1458) — King of Aragon and Naples
  • Ancus Marcius — Roman king
  • Belshazzar (d. 539 BC) — King of Babylon
  • Caesar Augustus (63 BC–14 AD) — First Roman emperor
  • Caligula (12–41 AD) — Roman emperor
  • Charlemagne (c. 742–814) — King of the Franks, Holy Roman Emperor
  • Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) — Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain
  • Constantine V Copronymus (718–775) — Byzantine Emperor, iconoclast
  • Corvinus — Roman named from the raven
  • Croesus (c. 595–c. 546 BC) — King of Lydia, proverbially wealthy
  • Cyrus the Great (c. 600–530 BC) — King of Persia, conqueror of Babylon
  • Dagobert I (c. 603–639) — King of the Franks
  • Darius (550–486 BC) — King of Persia
  • Diocletian (c. 244–311) — Roman Emperor
  • Duke of Alba (1507–1582) — Spanish general and governor of the Netherlands
  • Emperor Aurelian (214–275) — Roman Emperor (270–275)
  • Emperor Commodus (161–192) — Roman Emperor
  • Emperor Hadrian (76–138) — Roman Emperor
  • Emperor Justinian (c. 482–565) — Byzantine Emperor
  • Emperor Severus (145–211) — Roman Emperor
  • Emperor Theodosius (347–395) — Roman Emperor
  • Emperor Valens (328–378) — Roman Emperor (364–378), supporter of Arianism
  • Empress Eudocia (c. 401–460) — Byzantine Empress, poet
  • Evil-Merodach (d. 560 BC) — King of Babylon; succeeded Nebuchadnezzar
  • Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (106–48 BC) — Roman general and statesman; subjugated Judea
  • Hannibal (247–183/181 BC) — Carthaginian general
  • Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1050–1106) — Holy Roman Emperor
  • Henry VIII of England (1491–1547) — King of England
  • Inachus (mythological) — Legendary first king of Argos
  • Julian the Apostate (331–363) — Roman Emperor (361–363), apostate from Christianity
  • Julius Caesar (100–44 BC) — Roman dictator, conqueror
  • Leo III the Isaurian (c. 685–741) — Byzantine Emperor, iconoclast
  • Louis the Pious (778–840) — Holy Roman Emperor, son of Charlemagne
  • Maximian (c. 250–310) — Roman Emperor
  • Nebuchadnezzar (c. 634–562 BC) — King of Babylon; destroyed Jerusalem
  • Nero (37–68) — Roman Emperor
  • Ninus (legendary) — Legendary founder of the Assyrian monarchy
  • Ogyges (mythological) — Legendary king associated with a primeval flood
  • P. Cornelius Scipio — Roman nobleman; grandfather of Scipio Africanus
  • P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus (236–183 BC) — Roman general; defeated Hannibal
  • Philip II of Spain (1527–1598) — King of Spain, sovereign of the Low Countries
  • Phoroneus (mythological) — Legendary king of Argos
  • Ptolemy I Soter (c. 367–283/282 BC) — King of Egypt; founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty
  • Ptolemy Philadelphus (309–246 BC) — King of Egypt (Ptolemaic dynasty)
  • Robert of Sicily (1277–1343) — King of Naples and Sicily
  • Seleucus (c. 358–281 BC) — Founder of the Seleucid dynasty
  • Semiramis (legendary) — Legendary co-founder of the Assyrian monarchy
  • Servius Tullius — Roman king
  • Sesostris — Pharaoh (legendary)
  • Shalmaneser (d. 722 BC) — King of Assyria; deported the 10 tribes
  • Titus Manlius Torquatus — Roman consul
• Saints
  • Alcuin (c. 735–804) — Scholar, teacher, adviser to Charlemagne
  • Blessed Virgin Mary (1st century BC–1st century) — Mother of God, the Blessed Virgin
  • Pope Cornelius (alias)
  • Pope Gregory I (the Great) (alias)
  • Pope Pius V (alias)
  • St. Albert the Great (c. 1200–1280) — Dominican friar, Bishop of Regensburg, Doctor of the Church, philosopher-theologian
  • St. Ambrose of Milan (c. 340–397) — Bishop of Milan, Doctor of the Church, Church Father
  • St. Anselm of Canterbury (c. 1033–1109) — Archbishop of Canterbury, Doctor of the Church, philosopher-theologian
  • St. Anthony of Padua (1195–1231) — Franciscan friar, Doctor of the Church, preacher
  • St. Antony the Great (c. 251–356) — Desert Father, founder of Christian monasticism
  • St. Apronianus — Martyr
  • St. Athanasius of Alexandria (c. 296–373) — Bishop of Alexandria, Doctor of the Church
  • St. Augustine of Hippo (354–430) — Bishop of Hippo, Doctor of the Church, Church Father
  • St. Authbert of Cambrai (d. c. 674) — Bishop of Cambrai and Arras
  • St. Bartholomew (1st century) — Apostle
  • St. Basil the Great (c. 330–379) — Bishop of Caesarea, Doctor of the Church, Church Father; founder of Eastern monasticism
  • St. Bede the Venerable (c. 672–735) — Benedictine monk, Doctor of the Church, historian and biblical commentator
  • St. Benedict of Nursia (c. 480–547) — Founder of Western monasticism, Patriarch of Monks
  • St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153) — Abbot of Clairvaux, Doctor of the Church, Cistercian reformer
  • St. Bonaventure (1221–1274) — Franciscan friar, Cardinal, Doctor of the Church, philosopher-theologian
  • St. Boniface (c. 675–754) — Apostle of the Germans, Archbishop of Mainz, martyr
  • St. Charles Borromeo (1538–1584) — Cardinal, Archbishop of Milan, Church reformer
  • St. Clement of Rome (d. c. 99) — Pope, disciple of Peter, Church Father
  • St. Cyprian of Carthage (c. 210–258) — Bishop of Carthage, Church Father, martyr
  • St. Cyril of Alexandria (c. 376–444) — Patriarch of Alexandria, Doctor of the Church
  • St. Dionysius the Areopagite (traditionally 1st century (writings c. 5th–6th century)) — Disciple of Paul (traditional), mystical theologian
  • St. Dominic (c. 1170–1221) — Founder of the Order of Preachers, Doctor of Sacred Theology
  • St. Edmund of Canterbury (c. 1175–1240) — Archbishop of Canterbury
  • St. Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306–373) — Deacon, hymnographer, Doctor of the Church
  • St. Francis of Assisi (c. 1181–1226) — Founder of the Franciscan Order
  • St. Gaugericus of Cambrai (c. 550–c. 625) — Bishop of Cambrai
  • St. Ghislain (d. c. 681) — Hermit, founder of a monastery in Hainault
  • St. Gregory Nazianzen (c. 329–390) — Archbishop of Constantinople, Doctor of the Church, Church Father
  • St. Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335–c. 395) — Bishop of Nyssa, Church Father, brother of Basil the Great
  • St. Gregory Thaumaturgus (c. 213–c. 270) — Bishop of Neocaesarea, wonder-worker
  • St. Hilary of Poitiers (c. 310–367) — Bishop of Poitiers, Doctor of the Church
  • St. Ignatius of Loyola (1491–1556) — Founder of the Society of Jesus
  • St. Isidore of Seville (c. 560–636) — Archbishop of Seville, Doctor of the Church
  • St. Jerome (c. 342–420) — Doctor of the Church, translator of the Vulgate Bible
  • St. Jerome (alias)
  • St. John Chrysostom (c. 347–407) — Archbishop of Constantinople, Doctor of the Church
  • St. John Damascene (c. 675–749) — Doctor of the Church, theologian
  • St. John Fisher (1469–1535) — Bishop of Rochester, Cardinal, martyr; canonized 1935
  • St. John of Cambrai (fl. 7th century) — Bishop of Cambrai
  • St. John the Anchorite (fl. 4th century) — Desert hermit
  • St. John the Baptist (1st century) — Prophet, Forerunner of Christ
  • St. Jordan of Saxony (c. 1190–1237) — Second Master General of the Dominican Order after St. Dominic
  • St. Justin Martyr (c. 100–c. 165) — Early Christian apologist, philosopher, martyr
  • St. Landelin (c. 625–c. 686) — Founder of monasteries in Frankish territory
  • St. Leo the Great (c. 400–461) — Pope, Doctor of the Church
  • St. Lietbert of Cambrai (c. 1010–1076) — Bishop of Cambrai
  • St. Lucian (d. 312) — Priest, martyr, biblical scholar who made a new Greek edition of the Old Testament from Hebrew
  • St. Ludger (c. 742–809) — Apostle of the Frisians, Bishop of Munster
  • St. Macarius of Antioch (d. c. 1012) — Archbishop of Antioch in Armenia, pilgrim saint whose relics were venerated in Flanders
  • St. Marcian (d. c. 387) — Holy monk, cited in Theodoret's Philotheos
  • St. Menas (d. c. 309) — Egyptian soldier, Christian martyr
  • St. Mercury (d. c. 250) — Roman soldier, Christian martyr
  • St. Odo of Cambrai (c. 1050–1113) — Bishop of Cambrai
  • St. Paulinus of Nola (c. 354–431) — Bishop of Nola, correspondent of Jerome
  • St. Peter Damian (c. 1007–1072) — Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia, Doctor of the Church, Benedictine monk and reformer
  • St. Plato of Studios (c. 735–814) — Monastic leader, abbot of the Studios Monastery at Constantinople
  • St. Rabanus Maurus (c. 780–856) — Archbishop of Mainz, Benedictine monk, biblical commentator
  • St. Remigius (fl. 9th century (if Remigius of Auxerre) or c. 437–533 (if Remigius of Rheims)) — Biblical commentator / Bishop of Rheims
  • St. Robert Bellarmine (1542–1621) — Jesuit Cardinal, Doctor of the Church, controversialist
  • St. Saturninus (d. c. 304) — Martyr
  • St. Simeon the Stylite (c. 388–459) — Ascetic, pillar-saint
  • St. Stephen (d. c. 34 AD) — First Christian martyr, deacon
  • St. Symphorian (d. c. 178) — Christian martyr
  • St. Theodore the Studite (759–826) — Monastic reformer, defender of icons
  • St. Theodoric of Cambrai (fl. 7th century) — Bishop of Cambrai
  • St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) — Dominican friar, Doctor of the Church, philosopher-theologian
  • St. Thomas More (1478–1535) — Lord Chancellor of England, martyr; canonized 1935
  • St. Vincent (d. 304) — Deacon, martyr at Valencia
  • St. Vincent Ferrer (c. 1350–1419) — Dominican friar, itinerant preacher
  • St. Vincent Madelgarius (c. 607–c. 677) — Count of Hainault, later monk and saint
  • St. Vindicianus of Cambrai (d. c. 712) — Bishop of Cambrai and Arras
  • St. Waldetrudis (c. 612–c. 688) — Wife of Vincent of Hainault, later foundress of a convent at Mons
  • St. Zenobius (c. 337–c. 417) — Bishop of Florence (traditionally)
  • Victorinus (fl. 4th century) — Rhetorician of Rome, convert from paganism
• Scholars
  • Adrianus Scrieckius (c. 1560–c. 1621) — Flemish scholar and antiquarian
  • Agostino Steuco (1497–1548) — Bishop of Kisamos, biblical scholar
  • Alexander of Hales (c. 1185–1245) — Franciscan theologian, "Doctor Irrefragabilis"
  • Alfonso Tostado (c. 1400–1455) — Bishop of Avila, biblical scholar
  • Alphonse des Vignoles (1649–1744) — French-born Huguenot chronologist
  • Ambrosius Catharinus (1484–1553) — Dominican theologian
  • Anastasius of Sinai (d. c. 700) — Monk, later Bishop of Antioch, martyr
  • Anatolius (fl. 3rd century) — Bishop of Laodicea, scholar
  • Andreas Schottus (1552–1629) — Jesuit philologist, editor
  • Antoninus of Florence (1389–1459) — Archbishop of Florence, Dominican
  • Antonio Honcala — Canon, biblical commentator
  • Aristeas (uncertain (traditionally 3rd–2nd century BC)) — Author of the Letter of Aristeas on the Septuagint translation
  • Artapanus (fl. 2nd century BC) — Egyptian Jewish historian
  • Augustin Crampon (1826–1894) — French biblical scholar, priest of the Diocese of Amiens; annotator of Cornelius a Lapide's commentaries
  • Averroes (1126–1198) — Arab philosopher, commentator on Aristotle
  • Avicenna (c. 980–1037) — Persian philosopher and physician
  • Benedictus Pererius (c. 1535–1610) — Jesuit theologian and exegete
  • Cassiodorus (c. 485–c. 585) — Roman statesman, monk, scholar, author of Institutiones (Divine Readings)
  • Christopher Clavius (1538–1612) — Jesuit mathematician and astronomer
  • Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–c. 215) — Christian theologian, head of Catechetical School of Alexandria
  • Conrad Gesner (1516–1565) — Swiss naturalist
  • Denis the Carthusian (1402–1471) — Carthusian mystical theologian
  • Didymus the Blind (c. 313–398) — Theologian, head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria
  • Diodorus of Tarsus (d. c. 390) — Bishop of Tarsus, theologian
  • Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–c. 30 BC) — Greek historian
  • Duns Scotus (c. 1266–1308) — Franciscan friar, Scholastic theologian
  • Einhard (c. 775–840) — Frankish scholar, biographer of Charlemagne
  • Epiphanius (c. 310–403) — Bishop of Salamis, heresiologist
  • Eucherius of Lyon (d. c. 449) — Bishop of Lyon, theological writer
  • Eupolemus (fl. 2nd century BC) — Jewish historian
  • Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260–340) — Bishop of Caesarea, Church historian, author of Ecclesiastical History, Demonstration of the Gospel, and Preparation for the Gospel
  • Flavius Josephus (c. 37–c. 100) — Jewish historian
  • Francisco de Ribera (1537–1591) — Jesuit exegete
  • Francois Vatable (d. 1547) — French Hebraist, professor
  • Gabriel Biel (c. 1420–1495) — German scholastic philosopher and theologian
  • Gregory of Valencia (1549–1603) — Jesuit theologian
  • Haymo (d. 853 (Halberstadt) or fl. 9th century (Auxerre)) — Medieval biblical commentator
  • Henricus Samerius (d. before 1637) — Reverend Father; elaborated the chronology table used by Lapide
  • Henry Fynes Clinton (1781–1852) — English chronologist; author of Fasti Hellenici
  • Hugh of Saint-Victor (c. 1096–1141) — Augustinian canon, theologian and philosopher at Saint-Victor, Paris
  • Jan van Gorp (1519–1572) — Dutch physician and linguist
  • Johann Ferus (1497–1554) — Franciscan preacher
  • Johann Nepomuk Sepp (1816–1909) — German historian and theologian
  • John Cassian (c. 360–c. 435) — Monk, ascetic writer, founder of monasteries at Marseilles
  • Junilius Africanus (fl. 6th century) — Bishop, author of De Partibus Divinae Legis
  • Ludwig Vives (publisher) (19th century) — Parisian bookseller and publisher
  • Luis de Molina (1535–1600) — Jesuit theologian
  • Martin Delrio (1551–1608) — Jesuit scholar
  • Nicholas of Lyra (c. 1270–1349) — Franciscan biblical exegete
  • Origen (c. 185–c. 253) — Early Christian theologian, biblical scholar, head of Catechetical School of Alexandria
  • Palladius (c. 363–c. 431) — Bishop of Helenopolis, author of the Lausiac History
  • Panormitanus (1386–1445) — Canonist, Archbishop of Palermo
  • Paul of Burgos (c. 1351–1435) — Bishop of Burgos, Jewish convert, biblical commentator
  • Peter Galatinus (1460–1540) — Franciscan Hebraist
  • Peter Lombard (c. 1096–1160) — Bishop of Paris, theologian, author of the Sentences
  • Philo of Alexandria (c. 25 BC–c. 50 AD) — Hellenistic Jewish philosopher
  • Pliny the Elder (23–79) — Roman naturalist, author
  • Pontus Heuterus (1535–1602) — Flemish historian
  • Procopius of Gaza (c. 465–c. 528) — Christian rhetorician, biblical commentator
  • Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (c. 5th–6th century) — Theologian; author of the Celestial Hierarchy
  • Rabbi David Kimhi (c. 1160–1235) — Jewish grammarian and biblical commentator
  • Richard of Saint-Victor (d. 1173) — Augustinian canon, theologian and mystic at Saint-Victor, Paris
  • Rufinus of Aquileia (c. 345–411) — Theologian, historian, translator of Greek theological works into Latin
  • Rupert of Deutz (c. 1075–1129) — Benedictine abbot and theologian at Deutz
  • Sextus Pompeius Festus (2nd century AD) — Roman grammarian
  • Sixtus of Siena (1520–1569) — Dominican bibliographer
  • Socrates Scholasticus (c. 380–c. 450) — Church historian
  • Sophronius (fl. 4th–5th century) — Scholar who translated Jerome's Psalter and Prophets into Greek
  • Teganus (d. c. 849) — Frankish chronicler
  • Tertullian (c. 155–c. 240) — Early Church writer and apologist; later joined Montanism
  • Theodoret of Cyrrhus (c. 393–c. 458) — Bishop of Cyrrhus, Church historian, theologian
  • Thomas de Vio Cajetan (1469–1534) — Dominican theologian, cardinal
  • Thomas of York (c. 1400) — English theologian
  • Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) — Italian naturalist
  • Voellus — Scholar, author on horology