Scholars

• Adrianus Scrieckius (c. 1560–c. 1621) — Flemish scholar and antiquarian
• Agostino Steuco (1497–1548) — Bishop of Kisamos, biblical scholar
• Alexander of Hales (c. 1185–1245) — Franciscan theologian, "Doctor Irrefragabilis"
• Alfonso Tostado (c. 1400–1455) — Bishop of Avila, biblical scholar
• Alphonse des Vignoles (1649–1744) — French-born Huguenot chronologist
• Ambrosius Catharinus (1484–1553) — Dominican theologian
• Anastasius of Sinai (d. c. 700) — Monk, later Bishop of Antioch, martyr
• Anatolius (fl. 3rd century) — Bishop of Laodicea, scholar
• Andreas Schottus (1552–1629) — Jesuit philologist, editor
• Antoninus of Florence (1389–1459) — Archbishop of Florence, Dominican
• Antonio Honcala — Canon, biblical commentator
• Aristeas (uncertain (traditionally 3rd–2nd century BC)) — Author of the Letter of Aristeas on the Septuagint translation
• Artapanus (fl. 2nd century BC) — Egyptian Jewish historian
• Augustin Crampon (1826–1894) — French biblical scholar, priest of the Diocese of Amiens; annotator of Cornelius a Lapide's commentaries
• Averroes (1126–1198) — Arab philosopher, commentator on Aristotle
• Avicenna (c. 980–1037) — Persian philosopher and physician
• Benedictus Pererius (c. 1535–1610) — Jesuit theologian and exegete
• Cassiodorus (c. 485–c. 585) — Roman statesman, monk, scholar, author of Institutiones (Divine Readings)
• Christopher Clavius (1538–1612) — Jesuit mathematician and astronomer
• Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–c. 215) — Christian theologian, head of Catechetical School of Alexandria
• Conrad Gesner (1516–1565) — Swiss naturalist
• Denis the Carthusian (1402–1471) — Carthusian mystical theologian
• Didymus the Blind (c. 313–398) — Theologian, head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria
• Diodorus of Tarsus (d. c. 390) — Bishop of Tarsus, theologian
• Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–c. 30 BC) — Greek historian
• Duns Scotus (c. 1266–1308) — Franciscan friar, Scholastic theologian
• Einhard (c. 775–840) — Frankish scholar, biographer of Charlemagne
• Epiphanius (c. 310–403) — Bishop of Salamis, heresiologist
• Eucherius of Lyon (d. c. 449) — Bishop of Lyon, theological writer
• Eupolemus (fl. 2nd century BC) — Jewish historian
• Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260–340) — Bishop of Caesarea, Church historian, author of Ecclesiastical History, Demonstration of the Gospel, and Preparation for the Gospel
• Flavius Josephus (c. 37–c. 100) — Jewish historian
• Francisco de Ribera (1537–1591) — Jesuit exegete
• Francois Vatable (d. 1547) — French Hebraist, professor
• Gabriel Biel (c. 1420–1495) — German scholastic philosopher and theologian
• Gregory of Valencia (1549–1603) — Jesuit theologian
• Haymo (d. 853 (Halberstadt) or fl. 9th century (Auxerre)) — Medieval biblical commentator
• Henricus Samerius (d. before 1637) — Reverend Father; elaborated the chronology table used by Lapide
• Henry Fynes Clinton (1781–1852) — English chronologist; author of Fasti Hellenici
• Hugh of Saint-Victor (c. 1096–1141) — Augustinian canon, theologian and philosopher at Saint-Victor, Paris
• Jan van Gorp (1519–1572) — Dutch physician and linguist
• Johann Ferus (1497–1554) — Franciscan preacher
• Johann Nepomuk Sepp (1816–1909) — German historian and theologian
• John Cassian (c. 360–c. 435) — Monk, ascetic writer, founder of monasteries at Marseilles
• Junilius Africanus (fl. 6th century) — Bishop, author of De Partibus Divinae Legis
• Ludwig Vives (publisher) (19th century) — Parisian bookseller and publisher
• Luis de Molina (1535–1600) — Jesuit theologian
• Martin Delrio (1551–1608) — Jesuit scholar
• Nicholas of Lyra (c. 1270–1349) — Franciscan biblical exegete
• Origen (c. 185–c. 253) — Early Christian theologian, biblical scholar, head of Catechetical School of Alexandria
• Palladius (c. 363–c. 431) — Bishop of Helenopolis, author of the Lausiac History
• Panormitanus (1386–1445) — Canonist, Archbishop of Palermo
• Paul of Burgos (c. 1351–1435) — Bishop of Burgos, Jewish convert, biblical commentator
• Peter Galatinus (1460–1540) — Franciscan Hebraist
• Peter Lombard (c. 1096–1160) — Bishop of Paris, theologian, author of the Sentences
• Philo of Alexandria (c. 25 BC–c. 50 AD) — Hellenistic Jewish philosopher
• Pliny the Elder (23–79) — Roman naturalist, author
• Pontus Heuterus (1535–1602) — Flemish historian
• Procopius of Gaza (c. 465–c. 528) — Christian rhetorician, biblical commentator
• Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (c. 5th–6th century) — Theologian; author of the Celestial Hierarchy
• Rabbi David Kimhi (c. 1160–1235) — Jewish grammarian and biblical commentator
• Richard of Saint-Victor (d. 1173) — Augustinian canon, theologian and mystic at Saint-Victor, Paris
• Rufinus of Aquileia (c. 345–411) — Theologian, historian, translator of Greek theological works into Latin
• Rupert of Deutz (c. 1075–1129) — Benedictine abbot and theologian at Deutz
• Sextus Pompeius Festus (2nd century AD) — Roman grammarian
• Sixtus of Siena (1520–1569) — Dominican bibliographer
• Socrates Scholasticus (c. 380–c. 450) — Church historian
• Sophronius (fl. 4th–5th century) — Scholar who translated Jerome's Psalter and Prophets into Greek
• Teganus (d. c. 849) — Frankish chronicler
• Tertullian (c. 155–c. 240) — Early Church writer and apologist; later joined Montanism
• Theodoret of Cyrrhus (c. 393–c. 458) — Bishop of Cyrrhus, Church historian, theologian
• Thomas de Vio Cajetan (1469–1534) — Dominican theologian, cardinal
• Thomas of York (c. 1400) — English theologian
• Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) — Italian naturalist
• Voellus — Scholar, author on horology