Heresiarch

• Arius (c. 256–336) — Originator of Arianism
• Audaeus (4th century) — Originator of the Anthropomorphite heresy
• Epicurus (341–270 BC) — Greek philosopher (atomism)
• Faustus the Manichaean (fl. late 4th century) — Manichaean bishop, opponent of Augustine
• Hermogenes (2nd century) — Gnostic heretic who held matter was eternal
• John Calvin (1509–1564) — Protestant reformer, founder of Calvinism
• Mani (c. 216–c. 274) — Founder of Manichaeism
• Marcion (c. 85–c. 160) — Heresiarch, founder of Marcionism
• Martin Luther (1483–1546) — Protestant reformer, founder of Lutheranism
• Matthias Flacius Illyricus (1520–1575) — Lutheran theologian
• Photinus (d. 376) — Bishop of Sirmium; heresiarch who denied the pre-existence of Christ